Environment-friendly methods for synthesis of biodynamic heterocycles

In the present work, we have synthesized different nanoparticles by using different types of plant extracts of Citrus aurantium, Camellia sinensis, Carica papaya, Aloe barbadensis miller by conventional and non-conventional methods. The catalytic character and reusability of these green synthesized nanocatalysts were studied with different reagents under different reaction conditions to afford various series of substituted heterocyclic compounds via a sustainable approach. TEM analysis, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectroscopy were used to describe the produced compounds. Nowadays, heterogeneous catalyst plays an important role in organic transformations due to various applications such as high activity, stability, and greater selectivity. Four series of heterocyclic compounds namely spiro indole derivatives (1a-h), tetrahydro pyrimidine derivatives (2a-l), pyrano-pyrazole derivatives (3a-n), and tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives (4a-i) were synthesized by using ZnO, FeO, CaO and MgO heterogeneous catalyst respectively under different reaction conditions. The characterization of green synthesized nanocatalyst was done by FT IR and TEM techniques.